Epilepsy/Seizures
B
Windham (ED)
I.
Introduction
Seizures are a result of
sudden, brief electrical changes or disturbances in the brain. Epilepsy
is where there are chronic, recurrent seizures. Some seizures are as a result
of metabolic or chemical imbalances, alcohol or drug use, cardiac disease,
infectious disease, toxic neurological effects, etc. Syncope involves
losing consciousness, but for non-epileptic reasons such as reduced blood
flow to the brain, hypoglycemia, insulin resistance, etc. Epilepsy affects
about 2 million people in the U.S., with a higher incidence of seizures. (41)
The
central nervous system has 2 major divisions- central nervous system and
peripheral nervous system. The peripheral nervous system has 2
divisions, somatic and autonomic. The autonomic nervous system
exercises control over automatic and involuntary functions of the body such as
heart rate, respiration, etc. Seizures involve a complex interaction
between the autonomic nervous system and the central nervous
system. Seizures are often preceded by a partial seizure or aura
having varied characteristics, which can warn those susceptible to seizures of
an imminent seizure. Some can actually control or prevent actual
seizures by preventive or biofeedback measures (41). Anti-epileptic
drugs (
AEDs
) are
commonly used to control seizures but sometimes are not effective and sometimes
have adverse long-term health effects, including inducement of birth
defects/congenital conditions in use by pregnant women or infants.
Seizure
triggers include low blood sugar, dehydration, fatigue, lack of sleep, stress,
temperature extremes, depression, flashing lights, allergens, caffeine,
alcohol, aspartame, pesticides, toxic metals. The most
common allergen triggers are wheat, milk, and petrochemicals (41).
Identification and avoidance of such triggers usually reduces
effects. Caffeine causes release of adrenaline which has blood sugar
effects that can trigger seizures. Similar for alcohol, and aspartame
an
excitotoxin
that
has trigger effects especially on those subject to depression or mood
disorders. Similar for MSG, another common
exicitotoxin
(42). As
will be documented exposures to mercury from dental amalgams and toxic metals
can also commonly trigger and be factors in seizures and epilepsy, with
improvement after amalgam replacement and detoxification.
The health effects of
toxic metals are
synergistic
with other toxic exposures such
as
pesticides
, herbicides,& other
endocrine
disrupting substances
like organochlorine compounds
, POP
s,
PAHs
, PCBs, etc. There are also
synergistic effects with the various types of parasites, bacteria, viruses to
which people have common exposures and commonly become infected when the immune
system is weakened by toxic exposures. Studies have found considerable genetic
variability in
susceptibility
to toxic metals as well. The
health effects caused to children by
pesticides and herbicides
exposure
include birth defects, ADHD, seizures, Epilepsy, developmental conditions, etc.
While there is considerable commonality to the health effects commonly caused
by the toxic metals, and effects are cumulative and
synergistic
with other
toxic exposures, this paper will concentrate on the health effects of
elemental mercury from amalgam fillings and toxic metals.
II.
Mercury
exposure and chronic health effects
Dental amalgam is the
largest source of both inorganic and methyl mercury
in
most who have mercury amalgam fillings
1
. Those with
several amalgam fillings have on average at least 10 times as much mercury
exposure as those without amalgam fillings. After replacement of mercury
amalgam fillings, the level of mercury in saliva and excretion declines
approximately 90%. Prior to vaccinations, the
largest source of mercury
exposure of a fetus or infan
t is from the mother’s
dental amalgam
2
. Over the last decade, most
vaccinations contained high levels of mercury and were the
largest source of mercury
exposure in most infants and young children
3
.
Amalgam
dental fillings produce
voltaic
electrical currents
in the teeth which push high levels of mercury
into the gums and oral mucosa
4
, increase mercury vapor release
into oral air and saliva
1
, where it is distributed throughout
the body and causes significant harmful effects. These currents are
measured in micro amps, with some measured at over 4 micro amps. The central
nervous system operates on signals in the range of
nano
-amps,
which is 1,000 times less than a micro amp
4
.
These
voltaic currents and the resulting high levels of mercury exposure are
documented to often have significant
neurological effects
.
39
Negatively charged
fillings or crowns push electrons and mercury into the oral cavity since saliva
is a good electrolyte and cause higher mercury vapor losses.
5
.
Mercury and other metals accumulate in the gums and oral mucosa at the base of
teeth with amalgam fillings or metal crowns over
amalgam, and
is called
mercury tattoos
4
. Patients with
autoimmune neurological
conditions caused by mercury
38,39
-
like
MS
,
depression
, epilepsy,
etc. are often found to have a lot of high negative current fillings
5
.
In
addition to its extreme
neurotoxicity
and
immunotoxicity
, mercury
commonly causes
autoimmunity
which
can also be a factor in conditions like epilepsy, MS, lupus, etc.
22,
8,38,39
Prenatal exposure to mercury has been found to predispose
animals and infants to seizures and epilepsy.
6, 7,2
A major factor in epilepsy has been found to be
essential mineral
deficiencies and imbalances
- such as magnesium, zinc, calcium,etc.
13-18
Mercury
is well documented to cause
cell membrane permeability
changes, mineral efflux from cells, leaky gut, and enzyme blockages
that
commonly result in essential mineral deficiencies and imbalances
14-20,8
.
Mercury causes significant destruction of stomach and intestine epithelial
cells, resulting in damage to stomach and intestinal lining which along with
mercury’s ability to bind to SH hydroxyl radical in cell membranes alters permeability
14-16,
3
and adversely alters bacterial populations in the intestines
causing leaky gut syndrome with toxic incompletely digested complexes in the
blood
14-20,3
,as well as poor nutrient absorption
14-20
.
Some of the main mechanisms
of toxic effects of metals include
cytotoxicity
; changes
in cellular membrane permeability; inhibition of enzymes, coenzymes, and
hormones; and generation of lipid peroxides or free radicals- which result in
neurotoxicity,
immuno
toxicity, impaired cellular respiration, gastrointestinal
/metabolic effects, hormonal effects, and immune reactivity or
autoimmunity
14-23,2-9,39
. Also mercury binds with cell
membranes interfering with sodium and potassium enzyme functions, causing
excess membrane permeability, especially in terms of the blood-brain barrier.
14-16
Less than 1
ppm
mercury
in the blood stream can impair the blood- brain barrier.
Mercury’s forming strong bonds with and modification of the-SH groups of proteins
causes mitochondrial release of calcium
18,14,16,3,40
, as well
as altering molecular function of amino acids and damaging enzymatic
processes
15,16,3,40
, resulting in improper
cysteine
regulation
19,20
,
inhibited glucose transfer and uptake
15,14
, damaged sulfur
oxidation processes
19,20,40
, reduced glutathione availability
14
(necessary
for detoxification), and neurological effects
22,18,38,23
.
The
essential
mineral deficiencies and imbalances
have been found to be
a major factor in Epilepsy, and correcting mineral imbalances has been found to
cause significant improvement in epilepsy.
13,5,6
A large epidemiological
study by the National Institute of Health, the nation's principal health statistics
agency, found
a significant correlation
between having a larger number of amalgam fillings and people suffering from
conditions such as multiple sclerosis and epilepsy
24
. Fewer of
those with these conditions have zero fillings than those of the general
population while more of those with the condition have 17 or more amalgam
surfaces than in the general population. Other studies have
found similar connections between vaccinations containing mercury and epilepsy.
23,3,25
A doctor with extensive experience in
researching and treating mercury toxicity has found that blocked nerve
ganglions are a common cause of seizures, migraines, and
other chronic neurological problems.
6
Based on his
experience Dr.
Klinghardt
has found that the majority of such
conditions are due to dental metals and toxins related to
root-
canaled
teeth
or improperly healed tooth extraction sites(
cavitations
). He finds that after treatment to
unblock the ganglions and mercury
detox
or
cavitation
treatment, most patients rapidly recover
from such conditions. Numerous other doctors whom he has trained through
seminars and courses have had similar experience.
Other doctors treating
autism
, including seizures
which are common in autism, found that mercury and other toxic metals disable
the
metallothionein
function that has several major metabolic and neurological
functions. This results in inability to excrete toxic metals, accumulation of
mercury and other toxic metals, inability to detoxify mercury and other toxic
metals, significant imbalances in zinc/copper levels in the brain and G.I.
tract, and major neurological and digestive system effects.
30
Another researcher
28
who
has developed test equipment and tested epilepsy/seizure patients has found the
following commonly present in epilepsy/seizure patients:
Ascaris
(pet
hookworm) larvae in brain, bacterial infections, viruses, dental metals,
vanadium(natural gas leak), and other toxins including PVC, titanium,
zirconium, asbestos, lead, solvents, ergot(mold). She also
finds that
malvin
can provoke seizures: the coloring in
grapes, blueberries, strawberries, plums, etc.- and which is also found in
chicken and eggs. After determination of the factors involved for a
given patient and
treatment
she says most patients are
cured. The main treatments are recommended for most cases: dental metal
and
cavitation
checks
and cleanups, avoidance and
detox
of environmental
toxins,
parasite
cleanse and kidney/liver cleanses. Other doctors have likewise found that
patients with toxic exposures and weakened immune systems are more susceptible
to parasites and biological invaders which must also be treated.
29
III.
Alternative Treatments of Epilepsy and Seizures
Most
patients with epilepsy recovered or had significant improvement after amalgam
replacement
5,6,8-12,26-29
and likewise for many with autism and seizures who were treated
for mercury toxicity by treatment clinics.
30
For
reasons previously documented and further documented by medical studies and
clinical experience in references cited, supplementation alternatives are often
beneficial in treatment of seizures and epilepsy. B vitamins,
essential minerals, some herbal products, some amino acids and essential fatty
acids are often beneficial. Vitamin B6 plays an important role in the
conversion of
glutamic
acid to GABA (gamma-
aminobutyric
acid). GABA is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in
the brain. Impairment of GABA neurotransmission processes has been
found to often be a factor in seizures. B6 deficiency can result in
reduced GABA production. (41) Other B vitamins also are necessary for proper
brain function. B13 also has been found to reduce seizures in some.
Vitamin D and Vitamin E have also been found to be beneficial in reducing
seizures and seizure severity. Magnesium deficiency has been shown
to increase seizures in some and be a factor in some seizures; manganese aids
in sugar metabolism, selenium deficiency can result in deficient
glutathione
peroxidase
which can be a factor in some seizures. Supplementation of
these as well as zinc and calcium have been found to reduce seizures in many. (
41,etc.
) Diet measures including avoidance of
obesity and insulin resistance, along with certain amino acids and essential
fatty acids have been found to reduce
seizues
in
many.
Taurine
is
an inhibitory amino acid and like GABA has been found to be effective in reducing
seizure activity in some. Evening primrose oil has been found to
reduce seizures in some. Regular exercise has also been found to reduce
seizures in most and to improve general well-being. The herbs Black
Cohosh
,
Lobelia, and coleus
forshkohlii
extract have been
found to be beneficial in some (41). Relaxation techniques such as
yoga and biofeedback techniques have been found helpful by some.
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(39)
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Mechanisms by which mercury from dental amalgam is
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Dr. Ward Dean’s nutritional program for seizure disorders: He
recommends using a nutritional "shotgun" therapy, which
includes:
Hal
Huggins(
35)
says he has a lot of clinical experience that mercury causes epilepsy and
replacement often cures it. Others such as Dr. Noel Campbell, Dr.
Hulda
Clark(
485), and
ElectroDermal
Screening
testers with considerable clinical experience say likewise.
Autism:
A Unique Type of
Mercury Poisoning
Sallie Bernard et al
|
Causes seizures, convulsions
|
Seizures; epilepsy
|
|
Causes subtle, low amplitude
seizure activity
|
|
New
research into the effects of mercury in
Vaccin
es and
links to Epilepsy are coming to light
Green Bay News-Chronicle: Exposure to mercury linked to
neurobehavioral disease epidemic in children,
July 30, 2004,
http://www.safeminds.org/pressroom/press_releases/30July2004-GreenBayNews.pdf
& Breakthrough Research: New Columbia University Study Confirms
IOM Vaccine-Autism Report Is Wrong,
http://www.safeminds.org/pressroom/press_releases/14June2004_Hornig_Thimerosal_Mouse.pdf
National Vaccine Information Center
Epilepsy Cure:
Over 21 years ago, in
June 1978, I started taking a large dose of the B Complex vitamins.
The dosage was 20mg. B
1,B
2
etc
.;B 12 20mcg and folic acid at 400mcg. I
immediately felt more energetic and alive. I had grand mal epilepsy for the
prior 25 years, since I had entered puberty at age 13. In those days 20 mg was
probably a megadose, I'm not sure, today I take 50mg.
because its more commonly available. I had been taking anticonvulsant
medication trade name
Mebroin
including
Phenobarbital and a smaller amount of Dilantin. I was able to wean my way
off the anticonvulsant medication in July of 1978. I have not taken any
medication since, and have become a new person
http://curezone.com/forums/m.asp?f=83&i=305
A study published in the
New England Journal of Medicine
examined
newborns for birth defects related to anticonvulsant drugs. Each newborn
belonged to one of three groups: newborns exposed to anticonvulsant drugs in
the womb; newborns of mothers with epilepsy who did not take anticonvulsant
drugs; and newborns of mothers without epilepsy or a history of seizures.
Results showed birth defects were more frequent in infants exposed to
anticonvulsant drugs (20% of infants exposed to one drug had birth defects and
28% of infants exposed to two or more drugs had birth defects). However, the
infants of mothers with epilepsy who were not treated with anticonvulsant drugs
were at no greater risk of birth defects then infants of mothers without
epilepsy.
Harvard Medical School Family Health Guide
http://www.health.harvard.edu/fhg/Darchive/diseases.1101.shtml
This study suggests birth defects are caused by anticonvulsant
drugs and not by epilepsy itself. A separate, earlier study based on data from
a number of different countries identified the types of birth defects
associated with common anticonvulsant drugs. Some of these findings are
summarized below:
Side Effect Warning for New Rheumatoid Arthritis Drug,
Remicade
(
Infliximab
)
All drugs have side effects, but some of them
don't become apparent until after the drugs have been approved and in use for
some time.
Remicade
(
infliximab
), a powerful new drug for rheumatoid arthritis,
has been found to worsen congestive heart failure. The drug was actually being
tested to see if it would help patients with congestive heart failure. Instead,
the opposite was seen in a trial involving 150 people with moderate to severe
congestive heart failure. Of the 101 subjects treated with
Remicade
, 7 died. In contrast,
no fatalities occurred in the 49 patients being treated with the sugar pill
placebo.
Some 2 million Americans
suffer from rheumatoid arthritis, while 5 million have congestive heart
failure.
So
an undetermined number must have both
illnesses. As a result,
Centocor
, the company making
Remicade
, after consultation
with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, has sent letters to doctors urging
that patients with both rheumatoid arthritis and congestive heart failure not
be treated with their drug.
November
2001 Update
This
new information, comes straight from the National Institute of
Health, the NHANES III Study (National Health and Nutritional Examination
Survey), a study that according to the mission statement of National Center for
Health Sciences "is to provide statistical information that will guide the
actions and policies to improve health of the American people. As the Nation's
principal health statistics agency, NCHS leads the way with accurate, relevant,
and timely data."
A recent statistical
analysis of this data was done to see if there were any links to dental
fillings and adverse health conditions.
Their initial figures
revealed that while 78% of the American public have dental fillings, 95% of the
people with International Classification of Disease Codes 340-349:
"Disorders of the Central Nervous System", which include MS,
Epilepsy, Paralysis and Migraines, have dental fillings.
National Institute of Health,
NHANES
III Study
(National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey)
http://www.mercola.com/article/mercury/no_mercury.htm
|
Prenatal Mercury Exposure Raises Blood Pressure
|
|
|
|
Exposure to mercury before birth
may lead to increased blood pressure in childhood, reports an international
team of researchers. The islanders consume a diet rich in marine products,
such as pilot whale meat, which expose them to mercury, according to the
investigators. Blood pressures increased by about 14 points as blood mercury
concentrations at birth increased from 1 to 10 micrograms per liter. The
report indicates that 10 micrograms per liter corresponds to the upper limit
of mercury exposure recommended by the German Commission on
Human Biomonitoring, indicating that blood pressure can be increased by
exposure to mercury levels below recommended limits. Children with lower
birth weights experienced blood pressure increases about 50% higher than
normal birth weight children having similar mercury levels. The investigators
cite evidence that mercury toxicity can cause high blood pressure that
persists long after the mercury exposure has been removed, resulting in a
significant risk for diseases such as heart attack and stroke.
Epidemiology
July
1999;10:370
-375
|
the prestigious New England Journal of Medicine published an
editorial (12 )
calling mercury fillings the chief source
of mercury exposure to the US population
Salonen JT,
Nyyssonen
K,
Salonen
R. Fish intake and
the risk of coronary disease. N
Engl
J Med. 1995 Oct
5;333(14):937
Effects of continuous low-dose exposure to organic and inorganic
mercury during development on
epileptogenicity
in rats.
Szasz A
,
Barna B
,
Gajda Z
,
Galbacs G
,
Kirsch-Volders M
,
Szente M
. Neurotoxicology. 2002 Jul;23(2):197-206.
Department of Comparative Physiology, University of
Szeged
,
Hungary. szente@bio.u-szeged.hu
The effects of chronic, low-dose fetal and
lactational
organic (
MeHgCl
)
and inorganic (HgCl2) mercury intoxication on
epileptogenicity
were
investigated and compared in rats. The main observations after both mercury
treatments were a facilitated seizure expression and propagation evoked by
4-aminopyridine (4-AP). The seizure susceptibility of the offspring seemed to
be in a parallel relation to the mercury concentration in the cortical tissue,
which was significantly higher in treated animals as compared to the controls.
While
MeHgCl
enhanced the number of
ictal
periods
,
HgCl2 facilitated the duration of seizure discharges in younger animals. HgCl2
intoxication seemed to be more permanent than
MeHgCl
.
Changes in the summated
ictal
activity--which is an indication of
epileptogenicity
--were
observed in the opposite directions in the two treated groups with increasing
age. The amplitudes of seizure discharges were smaller in both mercury-treated
groups than in the controls, which could be a consequence of a depressed
proliferation of neurons or enhanced cell death in the
neocortex
. In summary, we
observed that adult rats exposed to organic or inorganic mercury chemicals
during their embryonic life, are more prone to epilepsy than control rats given
only 4-AP.
“THIMEROSAL ANALYSIS”
From:
Verstraeten
,
Thomas, U.S.
CDC
Sent: Monday, November 29, 1999 11:45 AM
SUMMARY (II)
The results of the Generation Zero analyses are striking and more
supportive of a causal relationship
between vaccine mercury exposure and childhood developmental
disorders (especially autism) than
any of the results reported later
•
Relative risks of autism, ADD, sleep disorders and
speech/language delay were consistently
elevated relative to other disorders and frequently
significant. Disease risk for the high
exposure groups ranged from lows of 1.5X-2 times to as high
as 11 times the disease risk of
the
zero exposure
group.
•
Many other outcomes showed no consistent effect, while a
few appeared to show a
protective effect from vaccine mercury exposure (most likely
children with these diagnoses
were immunized later).
•
The strongest effect was for the highest levels of
mercury exposure at the earliest time of
exposure, consistent with the idea that infant brain development
is most sensitive to the
earliest exposures.
•
The elevated risk of autism for the highest exposure
levels at one month ranged from 7.6 to
11.4 times the
zero exposure
level. This increased risk level corresponds to the tenfold
increase in autism rates seen since vaccine mercury exposures
increase starting in 1990.
Diagnoses with elevated risks
399.0 Autism
307.0 Stammering
307.2 Tics
• 307.20, tic disorder, unspecified
307.4 Specific disorders of sleep of non-organic
• 307.45, phase shift disruption of 24 hr.
sleepwake
cycle
• 307.46, somnambulism or night terrors
314.0 Attention deficit disorder
• 314.00, ADD without mention of hyperactivity
• 314.01 ADD with hyperactivity
315.3 Developmental speech or language disorder
• 315.31, developmental language disorder
• 315.39, other developmental speech or language
disorder
315.4 Coordination disorder
583 Nephritis and nephropathy, not acute or chronic
• 583.9 nephritis and nephropathy, with
unspecified pathological lesion in kidney
http://www.safeminds.org/Generation%20Zero%20Pres.pdf